1. Quantum Supremacy: In 2019, Google claimed to achieve quantum supremacy, demonstrating that its quantum computer performed a specific calculation faster than the most powerful classical supercomputers.

2. Quantum Error Correction: Error correction is crucial for reliable quantum computations. Researchers are making progress in developing quantum error correction protocols to address the vulnerability of quantum systems to errors.

3. Quantum Algorithms: Several breakthrough quantum algorithms have been developed, such as Shor’s algorithm for factoring large numbers and Grover’s algorithm for database search, which could have significant implications for cryptography and optimization problems.

4. Quantum Teleportation: Scientists have successfully realized quantum teleportation, enabling the transfer of the quantum state of one particle (qubit) to another separated by a large distance.

5. Quantum Simulations: Quantum computers can simulate quantum systems, leading to advancements in areas like materials science, drug discovery, and optimization problems.

6. Solid-State Quantum Computers: Researchers are actively exploring solid-state quantum computing approaches like superconducting qubits, topological qubits, and silicon quantum dots to develop more robust and scalable quantum computers.

7. Quantum Machine Learning: Combining quantum computing and machine learning holds the promise of solving complex problems more efficiently. Researchers have started exploring quantum machine learning algorithms and frameworks.

8. Quantum Cryptography: Quantum computers can offer enhanced security through quantum cryptography, which relies on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics for secure communication and encryption methods.

9. Quantum Sensors: Quantum-enabled sensors, leveraging the peculiar properties of quantum systems, can enhance precision and sensitivity in various applications such as imaging, navigation, and medical diagnostics.

10. Commercialization Efforts: Numerous companies and startups are actively working towards commercializing quantum computing technologies, with investments pouring into hardware development, software frameworks, and quantum cloud platforms.

These advancements, along with many others, contribute to the overall progress in the field of quantum computing, expanding the possibilities and impact of this emerging technology.

1. Coupang Inc. – South Korean e-commerce giant – raised $4.6 billion
2. Kuaishou Technology – Chinese video-sharing and livestreaming platform – raised $5.4 billion
3. JD Logistics – Chinese logistics subsidiary of JD.com – raised $3.2 billion
4. Full Truck Alliance – Chinese truck-hailing platform – raised $2.5 billion
5. Baidu Inc. – Chinese search engine company – raised $2.9 billion
6. Roblox Corporation – American gaming platform – raised $2.6 billion
7. Didi Chuxing – Chinese ride-hailing company – raised $4.4 billion
8. Driven Brands Holdings Inc. – American automotive services company – raised $1 billion
9. Autohome Inc. – Chinese online automotive marketplace – raised $873 million
10. Kanzhun Limited – Chinese online recruitment company – raised $912 million

Please note that these numbers are based on the IPOs completed up until September 2021, and the rankings may change as the year progresses.

1. Tim Cook – Apple CEO
2. Sundar Pichai – Google CEO
3. Satya Nadella – Microsoft CEO
4. Mark Zuckerberg – Facebook CEO
5. Jeff Bezos – Amazon Founder & Former CEO
6. Elon Musk – Tesla and SpaceX CEO
7. Jack Ma – Alibaba Founder & Former Executive Chairman
8. Larry Page – Alphabet CEO (Google’s parent company)
9. Sheryl Sandberg – Facebook COO
10. Jensen Huang – NVIDIA CEO

It is important to remember that the tech industry evolves rapidly, and individuals’ influence may change over time.

1. Online and digital art: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift towards online art sales, virtual exhibitions, and digital artwork, leading to significant growth in this sector.

2. NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens): NFTs have gained incredible popularity, enabling artists to tokenize and sell digital creations with unique ownership rights, revolutionizing the art market and unlocking new possibilities for artists.

3. Increased focus on diversity and inclusivity: There is a growing emphasis on promoting diverse artists, voices, and perspectives in the art market, with efforts to drive inclusion and foster representation across various art forms.

4. Art as an asset class: The art market continues to attract investors who view artwork as an alternative investment, seeking to diversify their portfolios and potentially earn substantial returns.

5. Sustainability and environmental awareness: Artists and collectors are increasingly conscious of sustainability, leading to a rise in eco-friendly practices, usage of recycled materials, and a focus on environmentally-themed artworks.

6. Growing interest in street art and urban art: Street art has gained mainstream recognition, with renowned street artists gaining prominence and their works being sought after by collectors and galleries worldwide.

7. Active art market in Asia: The art market in Asia, particularly in China, continues to expand rapidly. Increased wealth, growing number of art collectors, and the emergence of influential art fairs and auctions have contributed to this trend.

8. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in art: Utilizing VR and AR technologies, artists are pushing boundaries and creating immersive experiences, allowing viewers to interact with art in unique and innovative ways.

9. Demand for art from emerging markets: Collectors are showing increasing interest in art from emerging markets such as Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. This trend is boosting the visibility and recognition of artists from these regions.

10. Shift towards online art marketplaces: Traditional art galleries face increased competition from online platforms and marketplaces, offering artists a new way to reach a global audience and sell their work directly.

Please note that these trends are based on general observations and might evolve throughout the year.

2. Ethereum: Ethereum, launched in 2015, brought smart contracts to the blockchain. It enabled developers to build decentralized applications (DApps) on top of the blockchain, expanding its use cases beyond digital currencies.

3. Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs): ICOs gained prominence around 2017, allowing startups to raise funds by issuing their own tokens on the blockchain. This development revolutionized the fundraising landscape and attracted significant attention to blockchain technology.

4. Enterprise Blockchain Solutions: Corporations began exploring the potential of blockchain beyond cryptocurrencies. Companies like IBM, Microsoft, and Oracle developed enterprise-grade blockchain platforms to offer secure and efficient solutions for various industries, such as supply chain management and healthcare.

5. Decentralized Finance (DeFi): The rise of DeFi in recent years brought traditional financial services to the blockchain. It allowed anyone to access services like lending, borrowing, and automated trading without intermediaries, providing greater financial inclusion.

6. Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs): Numerous central banks worldwide started exploring the concept of CBDCs, considering the potential benefits of issuing digital currencies backed by their respective governments. This development could reshape the global financial system in the future.

7. Interoperability Solutions: Interoperability became a crucial focus, allowing different blockchains to communicate and exchange value seamlessly. Projects like Polkadot, Cosmos, and Ripple’s Interledger Protocol aimed to create a unified ecosystem connecting disparate blockchains.

8. Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs): NFTs gained immense popularity, especially in the art world. By utilizing blockchain technology, NFTs provided a way to authenticate and prove ownership of digital assets, leading to millions of dollars being exchanged for unique digital art and collectibles.

9. Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs): DAOs leverage blockchain to create decentralized and autonomous communities that make decisions and govern themselves. These organizations eliminate the need for centralized control and bring transparency to decision-making processes.

10. Regulatory Developments: Governments around the world started recognizing the significance of blockchain technology and worked on developing regulatory frameworks. Initiatives like the European Union’s Blockchain Observatory and Forum aim to foster innovation while ensuring consumer protection and legal compliance in the blockchain industry.

2. Synthetic biology: Advancements in synthetic biology have enabled the design and construction of new biological components, devices, and systems, leading to breakthroughs such as engineered microbes for sustainable production and biofuels.

3. Next-generation sequencing (NGS): NGS technologies have revolutionized DNA sequencing, making it faster, cheaper, and more accessible. This advancement has opened up new possibilities in understanding genomes, personalized medicine, and disease diagnostics.

4. Personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics: The ability to analyze an individual’s genetic makeup has led to personalized approaches in medicine, tailoring treatments and drugs based on genetic variations and response predictions.

5. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: Advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have led to the development of artificial organs, bio-printing of tissues, and cell therapies for various diseases and injuries.

6. Immunotherapy and targeted therapies: The field of biotechnology has made significant progress in the development of targeted therapies, particularly in cancer treatment, using techniques like monoclonal antibodies, CAR-T cell therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

7. Bioinformatics and computational biology: The field of bioinformatics has enabled the processing and analysis of vast amounts of biological data, leading to insights into genomics, proteomics, drug discovery, and disease modeling.

8. Industrial biotechnology: Biotechnological advancements have facilitated the production of bio-based chemicals, biofuels, and environmentally friendly manufacturing processes, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering carbon emissions.

9. Agricultural biotechnology: Advances in agricultural biotechnology have led to genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that offer improved crop yield, pest resistance, and nutritional quality, addressing global food security challenges.

10. Stem cell research: The progress in stem cell research has paved the way for potential treatments and therapies for various diseases and injuries, including neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and spinal cord injuries.

It is important to note that the ranking of advancements in biotechnology may vary depending on specific subfields, individual opinions, and regional interests.

2. Expansion of Esports: Competitive gaming, or esports, has grown tremendously in recent years. It has become a major industry with professional players, huge tournaments, and a dedicated fan base.

3. Virtual Reality (VR) Gaming: With the introduction of VR technology, gaming experiences have been transformed, allowing players to immerse themselves in virtual worlds and provide a new level of interactivity.

4. Online Multiplayer Gaming: The advent of broadband internet access led to the popularity of online gaming, allowing players to connect and play with each other worldwide.

5. Free-to-Play (F2P) and Microtransactions: F2P games, where players can download and play for free but have the option to purchase in-game items, have become a significant revenue model in the gaming industry.

6. Game Streaming Platforms: Services like Twitch and YouTube Gaming have revolutionized how gamers consume and interact with gaming content, creating a global community of streamers and viewers.

7. Gamification: The concept of integrating game mechanics into non-game contexts has influenced industries beyond gaming, such as education, healthcare, and marketing.

8. Cloud Gaming: The rise of cloud technology has paved the way for cloud gaming services, enabling players to stream games directly from servers without needing powerful hardware.

9. Cross-Platform Play: The ability for players to seamlessly play games across different platforms, such as consoles, PCs, and mobile devices, has become a significant development in the gaming industry.

10. Game Accessibility: The industry has made strides in making games more inclusive and accessible to players of all abilities, ensuring that everyone can experience and enjoy gaming.

2. Rise of Mobile Esports: Mobile games, such as PUBG Mobile and Free Fire, have gained immense popularity, leading to a rise in mobile esports tournaments and competitions.

3. Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): The integration of VR and AR technologies in esports is growing, providing immersive experiences and expanding the possibilities for both players and spectators.

4. Regional Esports Infrastructure Development: Various regions, including Brazil, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, are investing in the development of esports infrastructure, including dedicated arenas, training facilities, and leagues.

5. Inclusion of Women in Esports: Initiatives and organizations focused on promoting gender diversity and inclusion in esports have gained traction, leading to more opportunities and representation for women in professional gaming.

6. Continued Growth of Battle Royale Games: Games like Fortnite, PUBG, and Apex Legends continue to be popular, with their respective esports scenes growing rapidly and attracting a large viewer base.

7. Esports Betting and Gambling: The legal acceptance and regulation of esports betting have increased, leading to the emergence of dedicated platforms and services for esports gambling.

8. Olympic Recognition and Inclusion: Esports has made strides towards recognition as an official Olympic sport, with discussions and collaborations between esports organizations and the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

9. Expansion of Streaming Platforms: The growth of streaming platforms like Twitch and YouTube Gaming has provided more exposure and accessibility to esports events, allowing fans to watch matches and tournaments from anywhere in the world.

10. Professionalization and Increased Prize Pools: The esports industry continues to professionalize, with more organized leagues, better player contracts, and significantly larger prize pools, making it a lucrative career option for players.

2. Surge in online grocery shopping: There has been a substantial increase in online grocery sales as consumers prefer to have groceries delivered to their homes rather than visiting physical stores.

3. Rise of social commerce: Social media platforms have increasingly integrated shopping features, allowing users to purchase products directly through these platforms. This has enabled businesses to reach customers more effectively.

4. Digital payment innovations: The development and widespread adoption of contactless and mobile payment solutions have made online transactions more convenient and secure.

5. Expansion of cross-border e-commerce: Cross-border e-commerce has seen significant growth, with more businesses and consumers engaging in international online trade.

6. Increased focus on sustainability: Consumers’ growing concern for environmental impact has pushed e-commerce companies to adopt sustainable practices, such as eco-friendly packaging and carbon-neutral shipping options.

7. Growing popularity of subscription services: Subscription-based models have gained popularity, offering convenience and personalized experiences for customers across various industries such as beauty, food, and entertainment.

8. Integration of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR): E-commerce platforms are increasingly incorporating AR and VR technologies, providing customers with interactive and immersive shopping experiences, thereby reducing the need for physical try-ons or visits.

9. Enhanced customer experience through chatbots and AI: Chatbots and AI-powered customer service have become more advanced, providing personalized recommendations, answering queries, and improving the overall online shopping experience.

10. Increased adoption of mobile commerce: With the growing prevalence of smartphones, mobile commerce continues to rise, with consumers increasingly using mobile apps and websites to make purchases and explore new products.

2. Massive MIMO: Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, which utilizes a large number of antennas, is a crucial aspect of 5G networks. It allows for increased network capacity, higher data rates, and better efficiency compared to previous generations.

3. Millimeter Wave (mmWave) Spectrum: The utilization of high-frequency bands in the mmWave spectrum for 5G has opened up vast amounts of available bandwidth. This has enabled faster data transmission and reduced latency, leading to enhanced user experiences.

4. Network Slicing: Network slicing allows the creation of virtual networks within a single physical infrastructure, tailored to specific needs. This has significant implications for varied use cases, such as autonomous vehicles, industrial IoT, and augmented reality, which require different network characteristics.

5. Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC): 5G provides ultra-low latency communication, which is crucial for applications that require near-instantaneous response times. This is vital for technologies like remote surgery, autonomous systems, and real-time gaming.

6. Edge Computing: The distributed nature of 5G networks, coupled with edge computing capabilities, brings processing power closer to end-users. This results in reduced latency and improved efficiency, enabling applications that rely on real-time data analysis.

7. Internet of Things (IoT): 5G facilitates the massive deployment of IoT devices due to its increased capacity, improved coverage, and ultra-low latency. This furthers the expansion of smart cities, connected vehicles, and other IoT ecosystems.

8. Network Function Virtualization (NFV): NFV is a key concept in 5G that enables network services to be implemented in software rather than dedicated hardware. It provides flexibility and cost-efficiency in managing network resources.

9. Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB): The increased data rates provided by 5G allow for high-quality streaming, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) experiences on mobile devices. This has revolutionized media consumption and entertainment.

10. Global Deployment and Adoption: The ongoing rollout and adoption of 5G networks worldwide demonstrate a significant development. Many countries have made substantial investments in 5G infrastructure, aiming to leverage its transformative potential across industries and sectors.

It is important to note that these developments are not ranked in a specific order, as their significance may vary depending on the context and application.